While we are pleased that the Special Issue is going to see the light of the day, we are deeply saddened to inform the readers that one of the guest editors of this issue Prof. R.S. Loyal is no more. He passed away on January 10th, 2018, due to an heart attack while carrying out field work of masters students in Rajasthan, India. We hereby dedicate this issue to his memory. The idea of a Special Issue emerged from a conference entitled “The Emergence and Evolution of Indian Foreland Basin” held during 18–19 November 2016 at the Department of Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India (Fig. 1).