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Journal: Journal of Geophysical Research  2016 No.2  Share to Sinaweibo  Share to QQweibo  Share to Facebook  Share to Twitter    clicks:557   
Title:
Distributed fault slip model for the 2011 Tohoku-Okiearthquake from GNSS and GRACE/GOCEsatellite gravimetry
Author: Martin Johann Fuchs, Andrew Hooper, Taco Broerse, and Johannes Bouman
Adress: German Geodetic Research Institute, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany,
Abstract:

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission (launched 2002) and the GravityField and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) mission (March 2009 to November 2013) collectedspaceborne gravity data for the preseismic and postseismic periods of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake.In addition, the dense Japan GeoNet Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) network measuredwith approximately 1050 stations the coseismic and postseismic surface displacements. We use a novelcombination of GNSS, GRACE, and GOCE observations for a distributed fault slip model addressing the issueswith gravimetric and geometric change over consistent time windows. Our model integrates the coseismicand postseismic effects as we include GOCE observations averaged overa2yearinterval,buttheirinclusion reveals the gravity change with unprecedented spatial accuracy. The gravity gradient grid,evaluated at GOCE orbit height of 265 km, has an estimated formal error of 0.20 mE which providessensitivity to the mainly coseismic and integrated postseismic-induced gravity gradient signal of −1.03 mE.We show that an increased resolution of the gravity change provides valuable information, with GOCEgravity gradient observations sensitive to a more focused slip distribution in contrast to the filtered GRACEequivalent. The 2 year averaging window of the observations makes it important to incorporate estimatesof the variance/covariance of unmodeled processes in the inversion. The GNSS and GRACE/GOCE combinedmodel shows a slip pattern with 20 m peak slip at the trench. The total gravity change (≈200 μGal) and the spatial mapping accuracy would have been considerably lower by omitting the GOCE-derived fine-scalegravity field information.

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