相似地震是具有相似波形记录的一组地震,往往以地震丛集的方式发生.而重复地震是一种特殊的相似地震,一般具有相近的震源机制解和几乎重合的破裂面积.对相似地震特别是重复地震的研究是我们认识断层的结构和变化的重要手段.本文提出了一种基于相似度距离概念和聚类分析技术的相似地震识别方法,可以利用单个台站对其记录到的地震事件进行快速的相似地震和重复地震识别.我们将此方法应用于汶川地震东北端的余震序列,获得了该地区相似地震的分布图像,并对其中存在的重复地震的发震机制进行了讨论分析.

Similar earthquakes are a group of earthquakes which have highly similar waveform at one or more seismic stations, they always occur as clusters in a limited space. Repeating earthquakes, as distinguished similar earthquakes, have nearly identical focal mechanism and overlapped rupture area. They provide an important means for studying the structure and property variation of fault systems. Here we present a method, which is based on similarity distance matrix and hierarchical clustering algorithm, to perform multilevel quick identification of similar earthquakes by one single station. We apply this method to Wenchuan northeast aftershock sequence and obtain the spatial and time distribution of different level similar earthquakes. The ability for detecting repeating earthquakes as well as the possible mechanism of burst-type repeating earthquakes in this region are discussed in the end.